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一.前言
1.AVAsset
Assets 可以来自一个文件或用户的相册,可以理解为多媒体资源,通过 URL 作为一个 asset 对象的标识. 这个 URL 可以是本地文件路径或网络流;
2.AVAssetTrack
AVAsset 包含很多轨道 AVAssetTrack 的结合,如 audio, video, text, closed captions, subtitles…
3.AVComposition / AVMutableComposition
使用 AVMutableComposition 类可以增删 AVAsset 来将单个或者多个 AVAsset 集合到一起,用来合成新视频。除此之外,若想将集合到一起的视听资源以自定义的方式进行播放,需要使用 AVMutableAudioMix 和 AVMutableVideoComposition 类对其中的资源进行协调管理;
4.AVMutableVideoComposition
AVFoundation 类 API 中最核心的类是 AVVideoComposition / AVMutableVideoComposition 。
AVVideoComposition / AVMutableVideoComposition 对两个或多个视频轨道组合在一起的方法给出了一个总体描述。它由一组时间范围和描述组合行为的介绍内容组成。这些信息出现在组合资源内的任意时间点。
AVVideoComposition / AVMutableVideoComposition 管理所有视频轨道,可以决定最终视频的尺寸,裁剪需要在这里进行;
5.AVMutableCompositionTrack
将多个 AVAsset 集合到一起合成新视频中轨道信息,有音频轨、视频轨等,里面可以插入各种对应的素材(画中画,水印等);
6.AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction
AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction 主要用于对视频轨道中的一个视频处理缩放、模糊、裁剪、旋转等;
7.AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction
表示一个指令,决定一个 timeRange 内每个轨道的状态,每一个指令包含多个 AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction ;而 AVVideoComposition 由多个 AVVideoCompositionInstruction 构成;
AVVideoCompositionInstruction 所提供的最关键的一段数据是组合对象时间轴内的时间范围信息。这一时间范围是在某一组合形式出现时的时间范围。要执行的组全特质是通过其 AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction 集合定义的。
8.AVAssetExportSession
AVAssetExportSession 主要用于导出视频;
二.AVPlayer 简介
首先在 iOS 平台使用播放视频,可用的选项一般有这四个,他们各自的作用和功能如下:

由此可以看出,如果我们不做直播功能 AVPlayer 就是一个最优的选择。在创建一个播放器之前我们需要先了解一些播放器相关的类
1.AVPlayer
AVPlayer 控制播放器的播放,暂停,播放速度;
<em>/*创建AVPlayer播放器*/</em>+ (<strong>instancetype</strong>)playerWithURL:(NSURL *)URL;+ (<strong>instancetype</strong>)playerWithPlayerItem:(<strong>nullable</strong> AVPlayerItem *)item;- (<strong>instancetype</strong>)initWithURL:(NSURL *)URL;- (<strong>instancetype</strong>)initWithPlayerItem:(<strong>nullable</strong> AVPlayerItem *)item;<em>/*当前播放器播放的时间*/</em>- (CMTime)currentTime;<em>/*播放速度rate = 0.5; // 慢放rate = 1.0; // 正常播放rate = 0.0; // 暂停rate = -0.5; // 倒放*/</em><strong>@property</strong> (<strong>nonatomic</strong>) <strong>float</strong> rate;<em>/*播放 默认 rate = 1.0*/</em>- (<strong>void</strong>)play;<em>/*暂停播放 rate = 0.0*/</em>- (<strong>void</strong>)pause;<em>/*创建AVPlayer播放器*/</em> + (<strong>instancetype</strong>)playerWithURL:(NSURL *)URL; + (<strong>instancetype</strong>)playerWithPlayerItem:(<strong>nullable</strong> AVPlayerItem *)item; - (<strong>instancetype</strong>)initWithURL:(NSURL *)URL; - (<strong>instancetype</strong>)initWithPlayerItem:(<strong>nullable</strong> AVPlayerItem *)item; <em>/*当前播放器播放的时间*/</em> - (CMTime)currentTime; <em>/*播放速度 rate = 0.5; // 慢放 rate = 1.0; // 正常播放 rate = 0.0; // 暂停 rate = -0.5; // 倒放 */</em> <strong>@property</strong> (<strong>nonatomic</strong>) <strong>float</strong> rate; <em>/*播放 默认 rate = 1.0*/</em> - (<strong>void</strong>)play; <em>/*暂停播放 rate = 0.0*/</em> - (<strong>void</strong>)pause;/*创建AVPlayer播放器*/ + (instancetype)playerWithURL:(NSURL *)URL; + (instancetype)playerWithPlayerItem:(nullable AVPlayerItem *)item; - (instancetype)initWithURL:(NSURL *)URL; - (instancetype)initWithPlayerItem:(nullable AVPlayerItem *)item; /*当前播放器播放的时间*/ - (CMTime)currentTime; /*播放速度 rate = 0.5; // 慢放 rate = 1.0; // 正常播放 rate = 0.0; // 暂停 rate = -0.5; // 倒放 */ @property (nonatomic) float rate; /*播放 默认 rate = 1.0*/ - (void)play; /*暂停播放 rate = 0.0*/ - (void)pause;
注意更改播放速度要在视频开始播放之后才会生效;
2.AVURLAsset
前面文章有对 AVAsset 介绍,AVURLAsset 是 AVAsset 的一个子类,使用 URL 进行实例化,实例化对象包换 URL 对应视频资源的所有信息;
NSURL *url = <<em>#A URL that identifies an audiovisual asset such as a movie file#>;</em>AVURLAsset *anAsset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil];NSURL *url = <<em>#A URL that identifies an audiovisual asset such as a movie file#>;</em> AVURLAsset *anAsset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil];NSURL *url = <#A URL that identifies an audiovisual asset such as a movie file#>; AVURLAsset *anAsset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil];
注意 NSURL 的使用:
[NSURL URLWithString:@"网络路径"][NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"本地路径"]如果读取的是本地文件,那么请用第二个方法,第一个会出错,读取不到URL.[NSURL URLWithString:@"网络路径"] [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"本地路径"] 如果读取的是本地文件,那么请用第二个方法,第一个会出错,读取不到URL.[NSURL URLWithString:@"网络路径"] [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"本地路径"] 如果读取的是本地文件,那么请用第二个方法,第一个会出错,读取不到URL.
3.AVPlayerItem
AVPlayerItem 管理资源对象,提供播放数据源;
4.AVPlayerLayer
AVPlayerLayer 负责显示视频,如果没有添加该类,只有声音没有画面;
三.获取 AVPlayerItem 播放状态
AVPlayerItem 作为资源管理对象,它控制着视频从创建到销毁的诸多状态。
<em>//播放状态 status</em><strong>typedef</strong> NS_ENUM(NSInteger,AVPlayerItemStatus) {AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown, <em>//未知</em>AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay, <em>//准备播放</em>AVPlayerItemStatusFailed <em>//播放失败</em>};<em>//播放状态 status</em> <strong>typedef</strong> NS_ENUM(NSInteger,AVPlayerItemStatus) { AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown, <em>//未知</em> AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay, <em>//准备播放</em> AVPlayerItemStatusFailed <em>//播放失败</em> };//播放状态 status typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger,AVPlayerItemStatus) { AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown, //未知 AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay, //准备播放 AVPlayerItemStatusFailed //播放失败 };
在上一篇文章 《AVPlayer播放视频》最后提示:
AVPlayer 创建后,播放并不是可以直接使用,还要对它的状态进行检查,只有 AVPlayerItem.status 的值为 AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay 时,才能进行播放,所以这里需要使用 KVO 模式对该状态进行监控,以决定何时可以进行播放;
示例代码如下:
/******************************************************************************************///@Author:猿说编程//@Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com//@File:AVFoundation - AVPlayerItem 管理资源对象//@Time:2021/08/04 07:30//@Motto:不积跬步无以至千里,不积小流无以成江海,程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累!/******************************************************************************************/<strong>#import "ViewController.h"</strong><strong>#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h></strong><strong>@interface</strong> <strong>ViewController</strong> (){AVPlayerItem* _item ; <em>//用于加载媒体</em>AVPlayer* _player; <em>//控制播放器的播放,暂停,播放速度</em>AVPlayerLayer* _playerLayer; <em>//用于显示画面</em>}<strong>@end</strong><strong>@implementation</strong> <strong>ViewController</strong>- (<strong>void</strong>)viewDidLoad{[<strong>super</strong> viewDidLoad];<em>// self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];</em><em>//创建一个资源实例</em>NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"123.mp4" ofType:nil]];AVURLAsset* asset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil];<em>//AVPlayerItem关联播放资源</em>_item = [[AVPlayerItem alloc] initWithAsset:asset];<em>//添加观察者,对该状态进行监控,以决定何时可以进行播放</em>[_item addObserver:<strong>self</strong> forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];<em>//创建AVPlayer</em>_player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:_item];<em>//创建AVPlayerLayer用来显示资源内容</em>_playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player];<em>//设置frame</em>_playerLayer.frame = <strong>self</strong>.view.frame;<em>//添加到当前的view,否则无法显示</em>[<strong>self</strong>.view.layer addSublayer:_playerLayer];}- (<strong>void</strong>)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(<strong>id</strong>)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,<strong>id</strong>> *)change context:(<strong>void</strong> *)context {<strong>if</strong> ([object isKindOfClass:[AVPlayerItem <strong>class</strong>]]) {<strong>if</strong>([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]){<strong>switch</strong>(_item.status){<strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay:[_player play];NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay");<strong>break</strong>;<strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown:NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown");<strong>break</strong>;<strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusFailed:NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusFailed");<strong>break</strong>;<strong>default</strong>:<strong>break</strong>;}}}}- (<strong>void</strong>)dealloc{<em>//删除观察者</em>[<strong>self</strong> removeObserver:<strong>self</strong> forKeyPath:@"status"];}<strong>@end</strong>/******************************************************************************************/ //@Author:猿说编程 //@Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com //@File:AVFoundation - AVPlayerItem 管理资源对象 //@Time:2021/08/04 07:30 //@Motto:不积跬步无以至千里,不积小流无以成江海,程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累! /******************************************************************************************/ <strong>#import "ViewController.h"</strong> <strong>#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h></strong> <strong>@interface</strong> <strong>ViewController</strong> () { AVPlayerItem* _item ; <em>//用于加载媒体</em> AVPlayer* _player; <em>//控制播放器的播放,暂停,播放速度</em> AVPlayerLayer* _playerLayer; <em>//用于显示画面</em> } <strong>@end</strong> <strong>@implementation</strong> <strong>ViewController</strong> - (<strong>void</strong>)viewDidLoad { [<strong>super</strong> viewDidLoad]; <em>// self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];</em> <em>//创建一个资源实例</em> NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"123.mp4" ofType:nil]]; AVURLAsset* asset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil]; <em>//AVPlayerItem关联播放资源</em> _item = [[AVPlayerItem alloc] initWithAsset:asset]; <em>//添加观察者,对该状态进行监控,以决定何时可以进行播放</em> [_item addObserver:<strong>self</strong> forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil]; <em>//创建AVPlayer</em> _player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:_item]; <em>//创建AVPlayerLayer用来显示资源内容</em> _playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player]; <em>//设置frame</em> _playerLayer.frame = <strong>self</strong>.view.frame; <em>//添加到当前的view,否则无法显示</em> [<strong>self</strong>.view.layer addSublayer:_playerLayer]; } - (<strong>void</strong>)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(<strong>id</strong>)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,<strong>id</strong>> *)change context:(<strong>void</strong> *)context { <strong>if</strong> ([object isKindOfClass:[AVPlayerItem <strong>class</strong>]]) { <strong>if</strong>([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]) { <strong>switch</strong>(_item.status) { <strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay: [_player play]; NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay"); <strong>break</strong>; <strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown: NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown"); <strong>break</strong>; <strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusFailed: NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusFailed"); <strong>break</strong>; <strong>default</strong>:<strong>break</strong>; } } } } - (<strong>void</strong>)dealloc { <em>//删除观察者</em> [<strong>self</strong> removeObserver:<strong>self</strong> forKeyPath:@"status"]; } <strong>@end</strong>/******************************************************************************************/ //@Author:猿说编程 //@Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com //@File:AVFoundation - AVPlayerItem 管理资源对象 //@Time:2021/08/04 07:30 //@Motto:不积跬步无以至千里,不积小流无以成江海,程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累! /******************************************************************************************/ #import "ViewController.h" #import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h> @interface ViewController () { AVPlayerItem* _item ; //用于加载媒体 AVPlayer* _player; //控制播放器的播放,暂停,播放速度 AVPlayerLayer* _playerLayer; //用于显示画面 } @end @implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; //创建一个资源实例 NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"123.mp4" ofType:nil]]; AVURLAsset* asset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil]; //AVPlayerItem关联播放资源 _item = [[AVPlayerItem alloc] initWithAsset:asset]; //添加观察者,对该状态进行监控,以决定何时可以进行播放 [_item addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil]; //创建AVPlayer _player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:_item]; //创建AVPlayerLayer用来显示资源内容 _playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player]; //设置frame _playerLayer.frame = self.view.frame; //添加到当前的view,否则无法显示 [self.view.layer addSublayer:_playerLayer]; } - (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,id> *)change context:(void *)context { if ([object isKindOfClass:[AVPlayerItem class]]) { if([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]) { switch(_item.status) { case AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay: [_player play]; NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay"); break; case AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown: NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown"); break; case AVPlayerItemStatusFailed: NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusFailed"); break; default:break; } } } } - (void)dealloc { //删除观察者 [self removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status"]; } @end
四.时间监听
1.定期监听
<em>//@interface AVPlayer (AVPlayerTimeObservation)</em>/** 函数描述:以一定的时间间隔获得通知,比如需要随着时间的变化移动播放头位置或更新时间显示;* 函数参数:** interval:指定通知周期间隔的CMTime值(例如:间隔1秒通知播放器滑块刷新);* queue:默认为主队列。不可以使用并行调度队列,API没有处理并行队列的方法;* block:一个在指定的时间间隔中就会在队列上调用的回调块。这个块传递一个CMTime值用于指示播放器的当前时间;*<strong>*/- (id)addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:(CMTime)interval queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t)queue usingBlock:(void (^)(CMTime time))block;</strong><em>//@interface AVPlayer (AVPlayerTimeObservation)</em> /* * 函数描述:以一定的时间间隔获得通知,比如需要随着时间的变化移动播放头位置或更新时间显示; * 函数参数: * * interval:指定通知周期间隔的CMTime值(例如:间隔1秒通知播放器滑块刷新); * queue:默认为主队列。不可以使用并行调度队列,API没有处理并行队列的方法; * block:一个在指定的时间间隔中就会在队列上调用的回调块。这个块传递一个CMTime值用于指示播放器的当前时间; * <strong>*/ - (id)addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:(CMTime)interval queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t)queue usingBlock:(void (^)(CMTime time))block; </strong>//@interface AVPlayer (AVPlayerTimeObservation) /* * 函数描述:以一定的时间间隔获得通知,比如需要随着时间的变化移动播放头位置或更新时间显示; * 函数参数: * * interval:指定通知周期间隔的CMTime值(例如:间隔1秒通知播放器滑块刷新); * queue:默认为主队列。不可以使用并行调度队列,API没有处理并行队列的方法; * block:一个在指定的时间间隔中就会在队列上调用的回调块。这个块传递一个CMTime值用于指示播放器的当前时间; * */ - (id)addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:(CMTime)interval queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t)queue usingBlock:(void (^)(CMTime time))block;
2.边界时间监听
<em>//@interface AVPlayer (AVPlayerTimeObservation)</em>/** 函数描述:监听时间,可以得到播放器时间轴中多个边界点的遍历结果,比如可以定义 25%、50% 边界的标记,当播放器的播放到 25% 或者 50%会触发 block 回调;* 函数参数:** times:CMTime 值组成的一个 NSArray 数组定义了需要通知的边界点;* queue:与定期监听类似,为方法提供一个用来发送通知的顺序调度队列。指定NULL等同于明确设置主队列;* block:每当正常播放中跨域一个边界点时就会在队列中回调方法块,不提供遍历的CMTime值,需要为此执行一些额外计算进行确定;*<strong>*/</strong>- (id)addBoundaryTimeObserverForTimes:(NSArray<NSValue <strong>*> *</strong>)times queue:(nullable dispatch<em>_queue_</em>t)queue usingBlock:(void (^)(void))block;<em>//@interface AVPlayer (AVPlayerTimeObservation)</em> /* * 函数描述:监听时间,可以得到播放器时间轴中多个边界点的遍历结果,比如可以定义 25%、50% 边界的标记,当播放器的播放到 25% 或者 50%会触发 block 回调; * 函数参数: * * times:CMTime 值组成的一个 NSArray 数组定义了需要通知的边界点; * queue:与定期监听类似,为方法提供一个用来发送通知的顺序调度队列。指定NULL等同于明确设置主队列; * block:每当正常播放中跨域一个边界点时就会在队列中回调方法块,不提供遍历的CMTime值,需要为此执行一些额外计算进行确定; * <strong>*/ </strong>- (id)addBoundaryTimeObserverForTimes:(NSArray<NSValue <strong>*> *</strong>)times queue:(nullable dispatch<em>_queue_</em>t)queue usingBlock:(void (^)(void))block;//@interface AVPlayer (AVPlayerTimeObservation) /* * 函数描述:监听时间,可以得到播放器时间轴中多个边界点的遍历结果,比如可以定义 25%、50% 边界的标记,当播放器的播放到 25% 或者 50%会触发 block 回调; * 函数参数: * * times:CMTime 值组成的一个 NSArray 数组定义了需要通知的边界点; * queue:与定期监听类似,为方法提供一个用来发送通知的顺序调度队列。指定NULL等同于明确设置主队列; * block:每当正常播放中跨域一个边界点时就会在队列中回调方法块,不提供遍历的CMTime值,需要为此执行一些额外计算进行确定; * */ - (id)addBoundaryTimeObserverForTimes:(NSArray<NSValue *> *)times queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t)queue usingBlock:(void (^)(void))block;
3.播放结束通知
播放完成时,AVPlayerItem 会发送 AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification 通知 。注册成为监听器,即获得播放器结束通知。
4.完整代码
/******************************************************************************************///@Author:猿说编程//@Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com//@File:AVFoundation - AVPlayerItem 管理资源对象//@Time:2021/08/04 07:30//@Motto:不积跬步无以至千里,不积小流无以成江海,程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累!/******************************************************************************************/<strong>#import "ViewController.h"</strong><strong>#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h></strong><strong>@interface</strong> <strong>ViewController</strong> (){AVPlayerItem* _item ; <em>//用于加载媒体</em>AVPlayer* _player; <em>//控制播放器的播放,暂停,播放速度</em>AVPlayerLayer* _playerLayer; <em>//用于显示画面</em><strong>float</strong> _duration; <em>//媒体的时间</em>}<strong>@end</strong><strong>@implementation</strong> <strong>ViewController</strong><strong>#pragma mark - create UISlider</strong>- (UISlider*)createSlider {<em>/// 创建Slider 设置Frame</em>UISlider *slider = [[UISlider alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 100, 247, 50)];<em>/// 属性配置</em><em>// minimumValue : 当值可以改变时,滑块可以滑动到最小位置的值,默认为0.0</em>slider.minimumValue = 0.0;<em>// maximumValue : 当值可以改变时,滑块可以滑动到最大位置的值,默认为1.0</em>slider.maximumValue = 1.0;<em>// 当前值,这个值是介于滑块的最大值和最小值之间的,如果没有设置边界值,默认为0-1;</em>slider.value = 0;<em>// continuous : 如果设置YES,在拖动滑块的任何时候,滑块的值都会改变。默认设置为YES</em>[slider setContinuous:YES];<em>// minimumTrackTintColor : 小于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为蓝色</em>slider.minimumTrackTintColor = [UIColor redColor];<em>// maximumTrackTintColor: 大于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为白色</em>slider.maximumTrackTintColor = [UIColor blueColor];<em>// thumbTintColor : 当前滑块的颜色,默认为白色</em>slider.thumbTintColor = [UIColor yellowColor];<em>// minimumTrackTintColor : 小于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为蓝色</em>slider.minimumTrackTintColor = [UIColor redColor];<em>// maximumTrackTintColor: 大于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为白色</em>slider.maximumTrackTintColor = [UIColor blueColor];<em>// thumbTintColor : 当前滑块的颜色,默认为白色</em>slider.thumbTintColor = [UIColor yellowColor];<strong>return</strong> slider;}<strong>#pragma mark - seek</strong>- (<strong>void</strong>)_sliderValueDidChanged:(<strong>id</strong>)sender {UISlider *slider = (UISlider*)sender;NSLog(@"slider:%f _player.currentTime:%f",slider.value,CMTimeGetSeconds(_player.currentTime));<em>//seek</em>[_player seekToTime:CMTimeMake(slider.value*_duration*60, 60) toleranceBefore:CMTimeMake(1, 1000) toleranceAfter:CMTimeMake(1, 1000)];<em>//play</em>[_player play];;}- (<strong>void</strong>)viewDidLoad{[<strong>super</strong> viewDidLoad];<em>//创建滑块</em>UISlider *slider = [<strong>self</strong> createSlider];<em>// 事件监听</em>[slider addTarget:<strong>self</strong> action:<strong>@selector</strong>(_sliderValueDidChanged:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventValueChanged];[<strong>self</strong>.view addSubview:slider];<em>//创建label用于显示时间</em>UILabel* label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100)];[<strong>self</strong>.view addSubview:label];<em>//创建一个资源实例</em>NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"123.mp4" ofType:nil]];AVURLAsset* asset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil];<em>//获取总时间</em>_duration = CMTimeGetSeconds(asset.duration);<em>//AVPlayerItem关联播放资源</em>_item = [[AVPlayerItem alloc] initWithAsset:asset];<em>//添加观察者,对该状态进行监控,以决定何时可以进行播放</em>[_item addObserver:<strong>self</strong> forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];<em>//监听播放结束通知</em>[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:<strong>self</strong>selector:<strong>@selector</strong>(playFinishNotification:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification object:_item];<em>//创建AVPlayer</em>_player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:_item];<em>//每隔1秒在主队列中触发block回调,刷新滑块,显示时间</em>[_player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1) queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:^(CMTime time) {<strong>float</strong> currentTime = CMTimeGetSeconds(time); <em>//当前时间,以秒为单位</em>slider.value = currentTime/_duration; <em>//当前时间百分比</em>label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.0f:%.0f",currentTime,_duration];<em>//显示当前时间,秒为单位</em>}];<em>//设置边界时间</em>NSValue* value1 = [NSValue valueWithCMTime:CMTimeMake(10, 1)]; <em>//第10秒</em>NSValue* value2 = [NSValue valueWithCMTime:CMTimeMake(20, 1)]; <em>//第20秒</em>NSArray* times = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:value1, value2, nil];<em>//当播放器播放到边界时间,会自动触发black回调</em>[_player addBoundaryTimeObserverForTimes:times queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:^{NSLog(@"边界时间:%@ 播放器当前时间:%f",times,CMTimeGetSeconds(_player.currentTime) );}];<em>//创建AVPlayerLayer用来显示资源内容</em>_playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player];<em>//设置frame</em>_playerLayer.frame = <strong>self</strong>.view.frame;<em>//添加到当前的view,否则无法显示</em>[<strong>self</strong>.view.layer addSublayer:_playerLayer];}- (<strong>void</strong>)playFinishNotification:(NSNotification *)notification {<em>//播放结束,并seek到文件开始位置</em>[_player seekToTime:kCMTimeZero completionHandler:^(BOOL finished) {NSLog(@"播放结束啦....");}];}- (<strong>void</strong>)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(<strong>id</strong>)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,<strong>id</strong>> *)change context:(<strong>void</strong> *)context {<strong>if</strong> ([object isKindOfClass:[AVPlayerItem <strong>class</strong>]]) {<strong>if</strong>([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]){<strong>switch</strong>(_item.status){<strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay:[_player play];NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay");<strong>break</strong>;<strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown:NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown");<strong>break</strong>;<strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusFailed:NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusFailed");<strong>break</strong>;<strong>default</strong>:<strong>break</strong>;}}}}- (<strong>void</strong>)dealloc{<em>//删除观察者</em>[<strong>self</strong> removeObserver:<strong>self</strong> forKeyPath:@"status"];<em>//删除监听</em>[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:<strong>self</strong>];}<strong>@end</strong><em>/*2021-07-31 11:29:41.023583+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay2021-07-31 11:29:51.108482+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] 边界时间:("CMTime: {10/1 = 10.000}","CMTime: {20/1 = 20.000}") 播放器当前时间:10.0010482021-07-31 11:30:01.107947+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] 边界时间:("CMTime: {10/1 = 10.000}","CMTime: {20/1 = 20.000}") 播放器当前时间:20.000597*/</em>/******************************************************************************************/ //@Author:猿说编程 //@Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com //@File:AVFoundation - AVPlayerItem 管理资源对象 //@Time:2021/08/04 07:30 //@Motto:不积跬步无以至千里,不积小流无以成江海,程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累! /******************************************************************************************/ <strong>#import "ViewController.h"</strong> <strong>#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h></strong> <strong>@interface</strong> <strong>ViewController</strong> () { AVPlayerItem* _item ; <em>//用于加载媒体</em> AVPlayer* _player; <em>//控制播放器的播放,暂停,播放速度</em> AVPlayerLayer* _playerLayer; <em>//用于显示画面</em> <strong>float</strong> _duration; <em>//媒体的时间</em> } <strong>@end</strong> <strong>@implementation</strong> <strong>ViewController</strong> <strong>#pragma mark - create UISlider</strong> - (UISlider*)createSlider { <em>/// 创建Slider 设置Frame</em> UISlider *slider = [[UISlider alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 100, 247, 50)]; <em>/// 属性配置</em> <em>// minimumValue : 当值可以改变时,滑块可以滑动到最小位置的值,默认为0.0</em> slider.minimumValue = 0.0; <em>// maximumValue : 当值可以改变时,滑块可以滑动到最大位置的值,默认为1.0</em> slider.maximumValue = 1.0; <em>// 当前值,这个值是介于滑块的最大值和最小值之间的,如果没有设置边界值,默认为0-1;</em> slider.value = 0; <em>// continuous : 如果设置YES,在拖动滑块的任何时候,滑块的值都会改变。默认设置为YES</em> [slider setContinuous:YES]; <em>// minimumTrackTintColor : 小于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为蓝色</em> slider.minimumTrackTintColor = [UIColor redColor]; <em>// maximumTrackTintColor: 大于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为白色</em> slider.maximumTrackTintColor = [UIColor blueColor]; <em>// thumbTintColor : 当前滑块的颜色,默认为白色</em> slider.thumbTintColor = [UIColor yellowColor]; <em>// minimumTrackTintColor : 小于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为蓝色</em> slider.minimumTrackTintColor = [UIColor redColor]; <em>// maximumTrackTintColor: 大于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为白色</em> slider.maximumTrackTintColor = [UIColor blueColor]; <em>// thumbTintColor : 当前滑块的颜色,默认为白色</em> slider.thumbTintColor = [UIColor yellowColor]; <strong>return</strong> slider; } <strong>#pragma mark - seek</strong> - (<strong>void</strong>)_sliderValueDidChanged:(<strong>id</strong>)sender { UISlider *slider = (UISlider*)sender; NSLog(@"slider:%f _player.currentTime:%f",slider.value,CMTimeGetSeconds(_player.currentTime)); <em>//seek</em> [_player seekToTime:CMTimeMake(slider.value*_duration*60, 60) toleranceBefore:CMTimeMake(1, 1000) toleranceAfter:CMTimeMake(1, 1000)]; <em>//play</em> [_player play]; ; } - (<strong>void</strong>)viewDidLoad { [<strong>super</strong> viewDidLoad]; <em>//创建滑块</em> UISlider *slider = [<strong>self</strong> createSlider]; <em>// 事件监听</em> [slider addTarget:<strong>self</strong> action:<strong>@selector</strong>(_sliderValueDidChanged:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventValueChanged]; [<strong>self</strong>.view addSubview:slider]; <em>//创建label用于显示时间</em> UILabel* label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100)]; [<strong>self</strong>.view addSubview:label]; <em>//创建一个资源实例</em> NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"123.mp4" ofType:nil]]; AVURLAsset* asset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil]; <em>//获取总时间</em> _duration = CMTimeGetSeconds(asset.duration); <em>//AVPlayerItem关联播放资源</em> _item = [[AVPlayerItem alloc] initWithAsset:asset]; <em>//添加观察者,对该状态进行监控,以决定何时可以进行播放</em> [_item addObserver:<strong>self</strong> forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil]; <em>//监听播放结束通知</em> [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:<strong>self</strong> selector:<strong>@selector</strong>(playFinishNotification:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification object:_item]; <em>//创建AVPlayer</em> _player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:_item]; <em>//每隔1秒在主队列中触发block回调,刷新滑块,显示时间</em> [_player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1) queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:^(CMTime time) { <strong>float</strong> currentTime = CMTimeGetSeconds(time); <em>//当前时间,以秒为单位</em> slider.value = currentTime/_duration; <em>//当前时间百分比</em> label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.0f:%.0f",currentTime,_duration];<em>//显示当前时间,秒为单位</em> }]; <em>//设置边界时间</em> NSValue* value1 = [NSValue valueWithCMTime:CMTimeMake(10, 1)]; <em>//第10秒</em> NSValue* value2 = [NSValue valueWithCMTime:CMTimeMake(20, 1)]; <em>//第20秒</em> NSArray* times = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:value1, value2, nil]; <em>//当播放器播放到边界时间,会自动触发black回调</em> [_player addBoundaryTimeObserverForTimes:times queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:^{ NSLog(@"边界时间:%@ 播放器当前时间:%f",times,CMTimeGetSeconds(_player.currentTime) ); }]; <em>//创建AVPlayerLayer用来显示资源内容</em> _playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player]; <em>//设置frame</em> _playerLayer.frame = <strong>self</strong>.view.frame; <em>//添加到当前的view,否则无法显示</em> [<strong>self</strong>.view.layer addSublayer:_playerLayer]; } - (<strong>void</strong>)playFinishNotification:(NSNotification *)notification { <em>//播放结束,并seek到文件开始位置</em> [_player seekToTime:kCMTimeZero completionHandler:^(BOOL finished) { NSLog(@"播放结束啦...."); }]; } - (<strong>void</strong>)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(<strong>id</strong>)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,<strong>id</strong>> *)change context:(<strong>void</strong> *)context { <strong>if</strong> ([object isKindOfClass:[AVPlayerItem <strong>class</strong>]]) { <strong>if</strong>([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]) { <strong>switch</strong>(_item.status) { <strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay: [_player play]; NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay"); <strong>break</strong>; <strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown: NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown"); <strong>break</strong>; <strong>case</strong> AVPlayerItemStatusFailed: NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusFailed"); <strong>break</strong>; <strong>default</strong>:<strong>break</strong>; } } } } - (<strong>void</strong>)dealloc { <em>//删除观察者</em> [<strong>self</strong> removeObserver:<strong>self</strong> forKeyPath:@"status"]; <em>//删除监听</em> [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:<strong>self</strong>]; } <strong>@end</strong> <em>/* 2021-07-31 11:29:41.023583+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay 2021-07-31 11:29:51.108482+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] 边界时间:( "CMTime: {10/1 = 10.000}", "CMTime: {20/1 = 20.000}" ) 播放器当前时间:10.001048 2021-07-31 11:30:01.107947+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] 边界时间:( "CMTime: {10/1 = 10.000}", "CMTime: {20/1 = 20.000}" ) 播放器当前时间:20.000597 */</em>/******************************************************************************************/ //@Author:猿说编程 //@Blog(个人博客地址): www.codersrc.com //@File:AVFoundation - AVPlayerItem 管理资源对象 //@Time:2021/08/04 07:30 //@Motto:不积跬步无以至千里,不积小流无以成江海,程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累! /******************************************************************************************/ #import "ViewController.h" #import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h> @interface ViewController () { AVPlayerItem* _item ; //用于加载媒体 AVPlayer* _player; //控制播放器的播放,暂停,播放速度 AVPlayerLayer* _playerLayer; //用于显示画面 float _duration; //媒体的时间 } @end @implementation ViewController #pragma mark - create UISlider - (UISlider*)createSlider { /// 创建Slider 设置Frame UISlider *slider = [[UISlider alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 100, 247, 50)]; /// 属性配置 // minimumValue : 当值可以改变时,滑块可以滑动到最小位置的值,默认为0.0 slider.minimumValue = 0.0; // maximumValue : 当值可以改变时,滑块可以滑动到最大位置的值,默认为1.0 slider.maximumValue = 1.0; // 当前值,这个值是介于滑块的最大值和最小值之间的,如果没有设置边界值,默认为0-1; slider.value = 0; // continuous : 如果设置YES,在拖动滑块的任何时候,滑块的值都会改变。默认设置为YES [slider setContinuous:YES]; // minimumTrackTintColor : 小于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为蓝色 slider.minimumTrackTintColor = [UIColor redColor]; // maximumTrackTintColor: 大于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为白色 slider.maximumTrackTintColor = [UIColor blueColor]; // thumbTintColor : 当前滑块的颜色,默认为白色 slider.thumbTintColor = [UIColor yellowColor]; // minimumTrackTintColor : 小于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为蓝色 slider.minimumTrackTintColor = [UIColor redColor]; // maximumTrackTintColor: 大于滑块当前值滑块条的颜色,默认为白色 slider.maximumTrackTintColor = [UIColor blueColor]; // thumbTintColor : 当前滑块的颜色,默认为白色 slider.thumbTintColor = [UIColor yellowColor]; return slider; } #pragma mark - seek - (void)_sliderValueDidChanged:(id)sender { UISlider *slider = (UISlider*)sender; NSLog(@"slider:%f _player.currentTime:%f",slider.value,CMTimeGetSeconds(_player.currentTime)); //seek [_player seekToTime:CMTimeMake(slider.value*_duration*60, 60) toleranceBefore:CMTimeMake(1, 1000) toleranceAfter:CMTimeMake(1, 1000)]; //play [_player play]; ; } - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; //创建滑块 UISlider *slider = [self createSlider]; // 事件监听 [slider addTarget:self action:@selector(_sliderValueDidChanged:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventValueChanged]; [self.view addSubview:slider]; //创建label用于显示时间 UILabel* label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100)]; [self.view addSubview:label]; //创建一个资源实例 NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"123.mp4" ofType:nil]]; AVURLAsset* asset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:nil]; //获取总时间 _duration = CMTimeGetSeconds(asset.duration); //AVPlayerItem关联播放资源 _item = [[AVPlayerItem alloc] initWithAsset:asset]; //添加观察者,对该状态进行监控,以决定何时可以进行播放 [_item addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil]; //监听播放结束通知 [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(playFinishNotification:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification object:_item]; //创建AVPlayer _player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:_item]; //每隔1秒在主队列中触发block回调,刷新滑块,显示时间 [_player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1) queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:^(CMTime time) { float currentTime = CMTimeGetSeconds(time); //当前时间,以秒为单位 slider.value = currentTime/_duration; //当前时间百分比 label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.0f:%.0f",currentTime,_duration];//显示当前时间,秒为单位 }]; //设置边界时间 NSValue* value1 = [NSValue valueWithCMTime:CMTimeMake(10, 1)]; //第10秒 NSValue* value2 = [NSValue valueWithCMTime:CMTimeMake(20, 1)]; //第20秒 NSArray* times = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:value1, value2, nil]; //当播放器播放到边界时间,会自动触发black回调 [_player addBoundaryTimeObserverForTimes:times queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:^{ NSLog(@"边界时间:%@ 播放器当前时间:%f",times,CMTimeGetSeconds(_player.currentTime) ); }]; //创建AVPlayerLayer用来显示资源内容 _playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player]; //设置frame _playerLayer.frame = self.view.frame; //添加到当前的view,否则无法显示 [self.view.layer addSublayer:_playerLayer]; } - (void)playFinishNotification:(NSNotification *)notification { //播放结束,并seek到文件开始位置 [_player seekToTime:kCMTimeZero completionHandler:^(BOOL finished) { NSLog(@"播放结束啦...."); }]; } - (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,id> *)change context:(void *)context { if ([object isKindOfClass:[AVPlayerItem class]]) { if([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]) { switch(_item.status) { case AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay: [_player play]; NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay"); break; case AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown: NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown"); break; case AVPlayerItemStatusFailed: NSLog(@"AVPlayerItemStatusFailed"); break; default:break; } } } } - (void)dealloc { //删除观察者 [self removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status"]; //删除监听 [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self]; } @end /* 2021-07-31 11:29:41.023583+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay 2021-07-31 11:29:51.108482+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] 边界时间:( "CMTime: {10/1 = 10.000}", "CMTime: {20/1 = 20.000}" ) 播放器当前时间:10.001048 2021-07-31 11:30:01.107947+0800 LearnAVFoundation[2411:143670] 边界时间:( "CMTime: {10/1 = 10.000}", "CMTime: {20/1 = 20.000}" ) 播放器当前时间:20.000597 */
五.播放相关通知
播放相关通知1、声音类<em>//声音被打断的通知(电话打来)</em>AVAudioSessionInterruptionNotification<em>//耳机插入和拔出的通知</em>AVAudioSessionRouteChangeNotification2、播放类<em>//播放完成</em>AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification<em>//播放失败</em>AVPlayerItemFailedToPlayToEndTimeNotification<em>//异常中断</em>AVPlayerItemPlaybackStalledNotification3、系统状态<em>//进入后台</em>UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification<em>//返回前台</em>UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification播放相关通知 1、声音类 <em>//声音被打断的通知(电话打来)</em> AVAudioSessionInterruptionNotification <em>//耳机插入和拔出的通知</em> AVAudioSessionRouteChangeNotification 2、播放类 <em>//播放完成</em> AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification <em>//播放失败</em> AVPlayerItemFailedToPlayToEndTimeNotification <em>//异常中断</em> AVPlayerItemPlaybackStalledNotification 3、系统状态 <em>//进入后台</em> UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification <em>//返回前台</em> UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification播放相关通知 1、声音类 //声音被打断的通知(电话打来) AVAudioSessionInterruptionNotification //耳机插入和拔出的通知 AVAudioSessionRouteChangeNotification 2、播放类 //播放完成 AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification //播放失败 AVPlayerItemFailedToPlayToEndTimeNotification //异常中断 AVPlayerItemPlaybackStalledNotification 3、系统状态 //进入后台 UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification //返回前台 UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification
对于播放完成的通知我们可以这么写:
[[NSNotificationCenterdefaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(playerMovieFinish:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotificationobject:[self.player currentItem]]<em>;</em>[[NSNotificationCenterdefaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(playerMovieFinish:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotificationobject:[self.player currentItem]]<em>;</em>[[NSNotificationCenterdefaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(playerMovieFinish:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotificationobject:[self.player currentItem]];
提示:所有通知和 KVO 的使用我们都要记得在不用时 remove 掉。
六.猜你喜欢
- AVAsset 加载媒体
- AVAssetTrack 获取视频 音频信息
- AVMetadataItem 获取媒体属性元数据
- AVAssetImageGenerator 截图
- AVAssetImageGenerator 获取多帧图片
- AVAssetExportSession 裁剪/转码
- AVPlayer 播放视频
- AVPlayerItem 管理资源对象
- AVPlayerLayer 显示视频
- AVQueuePlayer 播放多个媒体文件
- AVComposition AVMutableComposition 将多个媒体合并
- AVVideoComposition AVMutableVideoComposition 管理所有视频轨道
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